Android JSON、GSON、FastJson的封装与解析-白红宇

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Android JSON、GSON、FastJson的封装与解析

阅读量：4644 次

发布时间：2019-06-09

本文共 22961 字，大约阅读时间需要 76 分钟。

声明：

1、本帖只提供代码，不深入讲解原理。如果读者想要深入了解，那就不要在这个帖子上浪费时间了

2、客户端用的是Google官方的Volley访问服务器，具体了解Volley请戳

3、本帖三种数据解析的DEMO都用到了下面这个Person类，贴出来：

1 public class Person { 2     private String name; 3     private int age; 4     private String address; 5  6     public Person() { 7  8     } 9 10     public Person(String name, int age, String address) {11         super();12         this.name = name;13         this.age = age;14         this.address = address;15     }16 17     public String getName() {18         return name;19     }20 21     public void setName(String name) {22         this.name = name;23     }24 25     public int getAge() {26         return age;27     }28 29     public void setAge(int age) {30         this.age = age;31     }32 33     public String getAddress() {34         return address;35     }36 37     public void setAddress(String address) {38         this.address = address;39     }40 }

Person实体类

一、JSON的封装和解析

服务端的代码如下：

在MyEclipse中新建一个Web Project，把JSON操作所需要的JAR包（）导入到项目中。

1 public class JsonTools {2     // 封装JSON字符串3     public static String createJsonString(String key, Object value) {4         JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();5         jsonObject.put(key, value);6         return jsonObject.toString();7     }8 }

封装JSON字符串的工具类

1 public class JsonService { 2     public Person getPerson() { 3         return new Person("张三", 20, "北京"); 4     } 5  6     public List
      
        getPersons() { 7         List
       
         list = new ArrayList
        
         (); 8         list.add(new Person("张三", 20, "北京")); 9         list.add(new Person("李四", 22, "上海"));10         list.add(new Person("王五", 21, "天津"));11         return list;12     }13 14     public List
         
           getStrings() {15         List
          
            list = new ArrayList
           
            ();16 list.add("星期一");17 list.add("星期二");18 list.add("星期三");19 list.add("星期四");20 list.add("星期五");21 return list;22 }23 24 public List
            
             
              > getMaps() {25 List
              
               
                > list = new ArrayList
                
                 
                  >();26 Map
                  
                    hashMap = new HashMap
                   
                    ();27 hashMap.put("name", "Jack");28 hashMap.put("phone", "123456789");29 hashMap.put("address", "Canada");30 list.add(hashMap);31 hashMap = new HashMap
                    
                     ();32 hashMap.put("name", "Rose");33 hashMap.put("phone", "123789456");34 hashMap.put("address", "America");35 list.add(hashMap);36 hashMap = new HashMap
                     
                      ();37 hashMap.put("name", "Tom");38 hashMap.put("phone", "789456123");39 hashMap.put("address", "China");40 list.add(hashMap);41 return list;42 }43 }

生成几种简单类型的数据的类

1 public class JsonServlet extends HttpServlet { 2     private JsonService service; 3  4     public JsonServlet() { 5         super(); 6     } 7  8     public void destroy() { 9         super.destroy();10     }11 12     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {13         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");14         request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");15         response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");16         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();17 18         String key = request.getParameter("key");19         if (key.equals("person")) {20             Person person = service.getPerson();21             out.println(JsonTools.createJsonString("person", person));22         } else if (key.equals("persons")) {23             List
      
        persons = service.getPersons();24             out.println(JsonTools.createJsonString("persons", persons));25         } else if (key.equals("strings")) {26             List
       
         strings = service.getStrings();27             out.println(JsonTools.createJsonString("strings", strings));28         } else if (key.equals("maps")) {29             List
        
         
          > maps = service.getMaps();30             out.println(JsonTools.createJsonString("maps", maps));31         }32     }33 34     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {35         doGet(request, response);36     }37 38     public void init() throws ServletException {39         service = new JsonService();40     }41 }

测试用的Servlet类

对于输入的URL不同，结果如下：

客户端的代码如下：

在解析JSON时，客户端不需要导入任何包。

MainActivity类的布局代码

1 public class JsonTools { 2     public void getResult(TextView view, JSONObject jsonObject) { 3         switch (view.getId()) { 4         case R.id.person_result: 5             view.setText(getPerson(jsonObject)); 6             break; 7         case R.id.persons_result: 8             view.setText(getPersons(jsonObject)); 9             break;10         case R.id.strings_result:11             view.setText(getStrings(jsonObject));12             break;13         case R.id.maps_result:14             view.setText(getMaps(jsonObject));15             break;16         }17     }18 19     private String getPerson(JSONObject jsonObject) {20         String result = "-->从服务器获取Person数据\n";21         try {22             JSONObject personObject = jsonObject.getJSONObject("person");23             result += "姓名：" + personObject.getString("name") + "\n";24             result += "年龄：" + personObject.getString("age") + "\n";25             result += "地址：" + personObject.getString("address");26         } catch (JSONException e) {27             e.printStackTrace();28         }29         return result;30     }31 32     private String getPersons(JSONObject jsonObject) {33         String result = "-->从服务器获取List
      
       数据\n";34         try {35             JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("persons");36             for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {37                 result += "-第" + (i + 1) + "组数据：\n";38                 JSONObject subObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);39                 result += "姓名：" + subObject.getString("name") + "\n";40                 result += "年龄：" + subObject.getString("age") + "\n";41                 result += "地址：" + subObject.getString("address");42                 if (i != jsonArray.length() - 1) {43                     result += "\n";44                 }45             }46         } catch (JSONException e) {47             e.printStackTrace();48         }49         return result;50     }51 52     private String getStrings(JSONObject jsonObject) {53         String result = "-->从服务器获取List
       
        数据\n";54         try {55             JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("strings");56             for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {57                 result += jsonArray.getString(i);58                 if (i != jsonArray.length() - 1) {59                     result += " -> ";60                 }61             }62         } catch (JSONException e) {63             e.printStackTrace();64         }65         return result;66     }67 68     private String getMaps(JSONObject jsonObject) {69         String result = "-->从服务器获取List
        
         
          >数据\n";70         try {71             JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("maps");72             for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {73                 result += "-第" + (i + 1) + "组数据：\n";74                 JSONObject subObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);75                 result += "姓名：" + subObject.getString("name") + "\n";76                 result += "电话：" + subObject.getString("phone") + "\n";77                 result += "地址：" + subObject.getString("address");78                 if (i != jsonArray.length() - 1) {79                     result += "\n";80                 }81             }82         } catch (JSONException e) {83             e.printStackTrace();84         }85         return result;86     }87 }

处理JSON的工具类

1 public class MainActivity extends Activity { 2     private final String url = "http://192.168.1.102:8080/JsonServer/JsonServlet"; 3     private TextView person_result, persons_result, strings_result, maps_result; 4     private JsonTools jsonTools; 5  6     @Override 7     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 8         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 9         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);10         person_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.person_result);11         persons_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.persons_result);12         strings_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.strings_result);13         maps_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.maps_result);14         jsonTools = new JsonTools();15 16         getResponseToView(url + "?key=person", "json_person", person_result);17         getResponseToView(url + "?key=persons", "json_persons", persons_result);18         getResponseToView(url + "?key=strings", "json_strings", strings_result);19         getResponseToView(url + "?key=maps", "json_maps", maps_result);20     }21 22     private void getResponseToView(String url, String tag, final TextView view) {23         StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Method.GET, url, new Listener
      
       () {24             @Override25             public void onResponse(String response) {26                 try {27                     JSONObject resultObject = new JSONObject(response);28                     jsonTools.getResult(view, resultObject);29                 } catch (JSONException e) {30                     e.printStackTrace();31                 }32             }33         }, new Response.ErrorListener() {34             @Override35             public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError arg0) {36                 view.setText(arg0.toString());37             }38         });39         request.setTag(tag);40         MyApplication.getRequestQueue().add(request);41     }42 43     @Override44     protected void onStop() {45         super.onStop();46         MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("JsonRequest");47     }48 }

主界面MainActivity的代码

运行结果如下图所示：

二、GSON的封装和解析

服务端的代码如下（生成数据的类GsonService和JsonService类相同，这里就不再贴了）：

在MyEclipse中新建一个Web Project，将GSON操作所需要的JAR包（）导入到项目中。

1 public class GsonTools {2     // 生成GSON字符串3     public static String createGsonString(Object value) {4         Gson gson = new Gson();5         String gsonString = gson.toJson(value);6         return gsonString;7     }8 }

生成GSON字符串的类

1 public class GsonServlet extends HttpServlet { 2     private GsonService service; 3  4     public GsonServlet() { 5         super(); 6     } 7  8     public void destroy() { 9         super.destroy();10     }11 12     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {13         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");14         request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");15         response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");16         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();17 18         String key = request.getParameter("key");19         if (key.equals("person")) {20             Person person = service.getPerson();21             out.println(GsonTools.createGsonString(person));22         } else if (key.equals("persons")) {23             List
      
        persons = service.getPersons();24             out.println(GsonTools.createGsonString(persons));25         } else if (key.equals("strings")) {26             List
       
         strings = service.getStrings();27             out.println(GsonTools.createGsonString(strings));28         } else if (key.equals("maps")) {29             List
        
         
          > maps = service.getMaps();30             out.println(GsonTools.createGsonString(maps));31         }32     }33 34     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {35         doGet(request, response);36     }37 38     public void init() throws ServletException {39         service = new GsonService();40     }41 }

测试用的Servlet类

对于输入的URL不同，结果如下：

客户端的代码如下（MainActivity类的布局代码和上面的一样）：

在解析GSON时，客户端需要导入和服务端相同的包。

1 public class GsonTools { 2     public static 
      
        T getPerson(String jsonString, Class
       
         cls) { 3         T t = null; 4         try { 5             Gson gson = new Gson(); 6             t = gson.fromJson(jsonString, cls); 7         } catch (Exception e) { 8             e.printStackTrace(); 9         }10         return t;11     }12 13     public static 
        
          List
         
           getPersons(String jsonString, Class
          
            cls) {14         List
           
             list = null;15 try {16 Gson gson = new Gson();17 list = Arrays.asList(gson.fromJson(jsonString, cls));18 } catch (Exception e) {19 e.printStackTrace();20 }21 return list;22 }23 24 public static List
            
              getStrings(String jsonString) {25 List
             
               list = null;26 try {27 Gson gson = new Gson();28 list = gson.fromJson(jsonString, new TypeToken
              
               
                >() {29 }.getType());30 } catch (Exception e) {31 e.printStackTrace();32 }33 return list;34 }35 36 public static 
                
                  List
                 
                  
                   > getMaps(String jsonString,Class
                   
                     cls) {37 List
                    
                     
                      > list = new ArrayList
                      
                       
                        >();38 try {39 Gson gson = new Gson();40 list = gson.fromJson(jsonString, new TypeToken
                        
                         
                          
                           >>() {41 }.getType());42 } catch (Exception e) {43 e.printStackTrace();44 }45 return list;46 }47 }

处理受到的数据的工具类

1 public class MainActivity extends Activity { 2     private final String url = "http://192.168.1.102:8080/GsonServer/GsonServlet"; 3     private TextView person_result, persons_result, strings_result, maps_result; 4  5     @Override 6     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 7         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 8         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 9         person_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.person_result);10         persons_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.persons_result);11         strings_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.strings_result);12         maps_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.maps_result);13 14         getResultToView(url + "?key=person", "GsonPerson", person_result);15         getResultToView(url + "?key=persons", "GsonPersons", persons_result);16         getResultToView(url + "?key=strings", "GsonStrings", strings_result);17         getResultToView(url + "?key=maps", "GsonMaps", maps_result);18     }19 20     private void getResultToView(String url, String tag, final TextView view) {21         StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Method.GET, url, new Listener
      
       () {22             @Override23             public void onResponse(String response) {24                 manageResponse(response, view);25             }26         }, new ErrorListener() {27             @Override28             public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError arg0) {29                 view.setText(arg0.toString());30             }31         });32         request.setTag(tag);33         MyApplication.getRequestQueue().add(request);34     }35 36     // 将GsonTools类返回的处理好的JAVA对象进行排版并输出到对应TextView中37     private void manageResponse(String response, TextView view) {38         switch (view.getId()) {39         case R.id.person_result:40             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取Person数据\n");41             Person person = GsonTools.getPerson(response, Person.class);42             addTextToView(view, "姓名：" + person.getName() + "\n年龄：" + person.getAge() + "\n地址：" + person.getAddress());43             break;44         case R.id.persons_result:45             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
       
        数据\n");46             List
        
          persons = GsonTools.getPersons(response, Person[].class);47             for (int i = 0; i < persons.size(); i++) {48                 Person p = persons.get(i);49                 addTextToView(view, "-第" + (i + 1) + "条数据\n");50                 addTextToView(view, "姓名：" + p.getName() + "\n年龄：" + p.getAge() + "\n地址：" + p.getAddress());51                 if (i != persons.size() - 1) {52                     addTextToView(view, "\n");53                 }54             }55             break;56         case R.id.strings_result:57             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
         
          数据\n");58             List
          
            strings = GsonTools.getStrings(response);59             for (int i = 0; i < strings.size(); i++) {60                 addTextToView(view, strings.get(i));61                 if (i != strings.size() - 1) {62                     addTextToView(view, " -> ");63                 }64             }65             break;66         case R.id.maps_result:67             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
           
            
             >数据\n");68 List
             
              
               > maps = GsonTools.getMaps(response, String.class);69 for (int i = 0; i < maps.size(); i++) {70 addTextToView(view, "-第" + (i + 1) + "条数据：\n");71 addTextToView(view, "姓名：" + maps.get(i).get("name").toString() + "\n");72 addTextToView(view, "电话：" + maps.get(i).get("phone").toString() + "\n");73 addTextToView(view, "地址：" + maps.get(i).get("address").toString());74 if (i != maps.size() - 1) {75 addTextToView(view, "\n");76 }77 }78 break;79 }80 }81 82 // 向指定TextView中添加文本83 private void addTextToView(TextView view, String text) {84 String currentText = view.getText().toString();85 currentText += text;86 view.setText(currentText);87 }88 89 @Override90 protected void onStop() {91 super.onStop();92 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("GsonPerson");93 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("GsonPersons");94 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("GsonStrings");95 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("GsonMaps"); }96 }

主界面MainActivity中的代码

运行结果如下图：

三、FastJSON的封装和解析

服务端的代码和使用GSON解析时的服务端代码相同（不需要改变任何东西，包括JAR包）。

客户端的代码如下：

在解析FastJSON时，客户端需要导入解析FastJSON所需要的JAR包（）。

1 public class FastJsonTools { 2     public static 
      
        T getPerson(String jsonString, Class
       
         cls) { 3         T t = null; 4         try { 5             t = JSON.parseObject(jsonString, cls); 6         } catch (Exception e) { 7             e.printStackTrace(); 8         } 9         return t;10     }11 12     // 解析List
        
         数据和List
         
          数据都使用这个方法13     public static 
          
            List
           
             getPersons(String jsonString, Class
            
              cls) {14 List
             
               list = null;15 try {16 list = JSON.parseArray(jsonString, cls);17 } catch (Exception e) {18 e.printStackTrace();19 }20 return list;21 }22 23 public static List
              
               
                > getMaps(String jsonString) {24 List
                
                 
                  > maps = new ArrayList
                  
                   
                    >();25 try {26 maps = JSON.parseObject(jsonString, new TypeReference
                    
                     
                      
                       >>() {27 });28 } catch (Exception e) {29 e.printStackTrace();30 }31 return maps;32 }33 }

处理收到的数据的工具类

1 public class MainActivity extends Activity { 2     private final String url = "http://192.168.1.102:8080/GsonServer/GsonServlet"; 3     private TextView person_result, persons_result, strings_result, maps_result; 4  5     @Override 6     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 7         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 8         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 9         person_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.person_result);10         persons_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.persons_result);11         strings_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.strings_result);12         maps_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.maps_result);13 14         getResultToView(url + "?key=person", "FastJsonPerson", person_result);15         getResultToView(url + "?key=persons", "FastJsonPersons", persons_result);16         getResultToView(url + "?key=strings", "FastJsonStrings", strings_result);17         getResultToView(url + "?key=maps", "FastJsonMaps", maps_result);18     }19 20     private void getResultToView(String url, String tag, final TextView view) {21         StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Method.GET, url, new Listener
      
       () {22             @Override23             public void onResponse(String response) {24                 manageResponse(view, response);25             }26         }, new Response.ErrorListener() {27             @Override28             public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError arg0) {29                 addTextToView(view, arg0.toString());30             }31         });32         request.setTag(tag);33         MyApplication.getRequestQueue().add(request);34     }35 36     private void addTextToView(TextView view, String text) {37         String currentText = view.getText().toString();38         currentText += text;39         view.setText(currentText);40     }41 42     private void manageResponse(TextView view, String response) {43         switch (view.getId()) {44         case R.id.person_result:45             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务端获取Person数据\n");46             Person person = FastJsonTools.getPerson(response, Person.class);47             addTextToView(view,48                     "姓名：" + person.getName() + "\n年龄：" + person.getAddress() + "\n地址：" + person.getAddress());49             break;50         case R.id.persons_result:51             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
       
        数据\n");52             List
        
          persons = FastJsonTools.getPersons(response, Person.class);53             for (int i = 0; i < persons.size(); i++) {54                 Person p = persons.get(i);55                 addTextToView(view, "-第" + (i + 1) + "条数据\n");56                 addTextToView(view, "姓名：" + p.getName() + "\n年龄：" + p.getAge() + "\n地址：" + p.getAddress());57                 if (i != persons.size() - 1) {58                     addTextToView(view, "\n");59                 }60             }61             break;62         case R.id.strings_result:63             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
         
          数据\n");64             List
          
            strings = FastJsonTools.getPersons(response, String.class);65             for (int i = 0; i < strings.size(); i++) {66                 addTextToView(view, strings.get(i));67                 if (i != strings.size() - 1) {68                     addTextToView(view, " -> ");69                 }70             }71             break;72         case R.id.maps_result:73             addTextToView(view, "-->从服务器获取List
           
            
             >数据\n");74 List
             
              
               > maps = FastJsonTools.getMaps(response);75 for (int i = 0; i < maps.size(); i++) {76 addTextToView(view, "-第" + (i + 1) + "条数据：\n");77 addTextToView(view, "姓名：" + maps.get(i).get("name").toString() + "\n");78 addTextToView(view, "电话：" + maps.get(i).get("phone").toString() + "\n");79 addTextToView(view, "地址：" + maps.get(i).get("address").toString());80 if (i != maps.size() - 1) {81 addTextToView(view, "\n");82 }83 }84 break;85 }86 }87 88 @Override89 protected void onStop() {90 super.onStop();91 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("FastJsonPerson");92 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("FastJsonPersons");93 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("FastJsonStrings");94 MyApplication.getRequestQueue().cancelAll("FastJsonMaps");95 }96 }

主界面MainActiivty中的代码

运行结果如下图：

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/blog-wzy/p/5193815.html

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